You can find here a non-exhaustive list of academic references on APSA

Aboagye, F. B. (1999). ECOMOG: a Subregional Experience in Conflict Resolution, Management and Peacekeeping in Liberia. Accra: Sedco Publishing.

Adar, K. G. (2000). Conflict Resolution in a Turbulent Region: The Case of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in Sudan. African Journal on Conflict Resolution, 1(2), 39-66.

Adebajo, A. (2002). Liberia's Civil War. Nigeria, ECOMOG and Regional Security. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

Adebajo, A. (2004). From Cape to Casablanca: Africa’s Evolving Security Architecture. Paper presented at the Report from the 34th annual Vienna Peacemaking and Peacekeeping Seminar, Vienna.

Adebajo, A. (2004). West Africa's Security Challenges: Building Peace in Troubled Region. Boulder Lynne Rienner.

Adebajo, A. (2008). The Peacekeeping Travails of the AU and the Regional Economic Communities. In J. Akopari, A. Ndinga-Mavumba & T. Muthiri (Eds.), The African Union and Its Institutions (pp. 131-161): Jacana Media.

Adebajo, A., & Landsberg, C. (2003). South Africa and Nigeria as Regional Hegemons. In M. Beregu & C. Landsberg (Eds.), From Cape to Congo, Southern Africa's Evolving Security Challenges (pp. 171-203): International Peace Academy / Lynne Rienner.

Adejumobi, S. (2004). Conflict and Peace Building in West Africa: the Role of Civil Society and the African Union. Conflict, Security & Development, 4(1).

Adibe, C. E. (2002). The Liberian Conflict and the ECOWAS-UN Partnership. Third World Quaterly, 18(3), 471-488.

Adler, E., & Barnett, M. (1998). Security Communities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Aginam, O. (2010). Turbulent Marriage or Peaceful Divorce ? : Forecasting the Future Relationship of the AU Peace and Security Council and the United Nations Security Council. Paper presented at the The AU Peace and Security Council: A Five Year Appraisal, Addis Ababa.

Agoagye, F. (2004). The African Mission in Burundi: Lessons Learned from the First African Union Peacekeeping Operation Conflict trends.

Ajayi, T. (2008). The UN, the AU and ECOWAS – A Triangle for Peace and Security in West Africa? (Vol. 13, pp. 9).

Ajello, A. (2004). Security Challenges Facing Africa: Assessments and Lessons Learned. Paper presented at the Report from the 34th annual Vienna Peacemaking and Peacekeeping Seminar, Vienna.

Akuffo, E. A. (2010). Cooperating for peace and security or competing for legitimacy in Africa? The case of the African Union in Darfur. African Security Review, 19(4), 74-89.

Akuffo, E. A. (2011). Human security and interregional cooperation between NATO and the African Union. Global Change, Peace & Security, 23(2), 223-237.

Alaga, E., Birikorang, E., & Jaye, T. (2010). The Peace and Security Council of the African Union: A Framework for Evaluation. Paper presented at the The AU Peace and Security Council: A Five Year Appraisal, Addis Ababa.

Alghali, Z. (2010). The Civilian Dimension of the African Standby Force: Assessing Prgoress and Identifying Gaps. ACCORD Conflict Trends(2), 36-41.

Alghali, Z., Kromah, L., De Coning, C., & Debrah, C. (2009). Report of the African Standby Force Civilian Dimension - Technical Rostering Workshop: African Union Peace Support Operations Division.

Alghali, Z., & Mbaye, M. (2005). The African Standby Force and Regional Standby Brigades. Conflict Trends(4), 34-38.

Allain, J. (2004). The True Challenge to the United Nations System of the Use of Force: The faillures of Kosovo and Iraq and the Emergence of the African Union. Max Planck Y.B. U.N. L., 8, 55.

Alusala, N. (2004). African Standby Force: East Africa Moves on. African Security Review, 13(2), 113-121.

Ambrosetti, D. (2009). L'ONU, l'Union Africaine et la guerre au Darfour: l'hybridité et ses défis. In J. Coulon (Ed.), Guide du maintien de la paix 2009 (pp. 57-69). Montréal: Athéna Éditions & CEPES.

Andrews, K. N., & Holt, V. K. (2007). United Nations-African Union Coordination on Peace and Security in Africa. In T. H. L. S. Center (Ed.), Issue Brief: The Henry L. Stimson Center.

Aning, E. K. (1998). ECOWAS and the West African Security: an Analysis of the Effectiveness of Institutional Design to Tackle Conflict. The Indonesian Quarterly, 26(3).

Aning, E. K. (1998). Eliciting Compliance from Warlords: the ECOWAS Experience in Liberia (1990-1997). Review of African Political Economy, 26(81), 335-348.

Aning, E. K. (2004). Investing in peace and security in Africa: the case of ECOWAS. Conflict, Security & Development, 4(3), 533-542.

Aning, K. (2008). The UN and the African Union’s security architecture: defining an emerging partnership? In D. H. Foundation (Ed.), The United Nations, Security and Peacekeeping in Africa. Lessons and Prospects (pp. 9-24).

Aning, K. (2010). Understanding Institutional Dynamics and Decision Making Processes of the African Union's Peace and Security Council. Paper presented at the The AU Peace and Security Council: A Five Year Appraisal, Addis Ababa.

Aning, K., & Salihu, N. (2011). Accountability for Intervention: Negotiating Civilian Protection Dilemmas with Respect to Economic Community of West African States and African Union Interventions. African Security, 4(2), 81-99.

Appiah-Mensah, S. (2005). AU's Critical Assignment in Darfur. Challenges and Constraints. African Security Review, 14(2), 7-21.

Arnould, C.-F. (2010). La alianza estratégica "UE-Africa" en materia de paz y seguridad Respuesta europea y africana a los problemas de seguridad en Africa (Vol. 146, pp. 49-64): Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos.

AU. (2000). Constitutive Act of the African Union. Addis Ababa.

AU. (2002). Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council of the African Union (pp. 33).

AU. (2002). Rules of Procedure of the Assembly of the Union. Durban, South Africa.

AU. (2003). Policy Framework for the Establishment of the African Standby Force and the Military Staff Committee (part 1) Submitted by African Military Experts to African Chiefs of Defence Staff. Addis Ababa.

AU. (2004). Report of the Chairman of the Commission on the Establishment of a Continental Peace and Security Architecture and the Status of Peace Process in Africa. Addis Ababa: African Union.

AU. (2005). Communiqué of the Consultation Between the AU, the G8 Member Countries and Other Partners and African Peace and Security Institutions Addis Ababa.

AU. (2005). Roadmap for the Operationalization of the African Standby Force Addis Abeba.

AU. (2007). Background Paper on the Review of the Working Methods of the Peace and Security Council of the African Union. Addis Ababa: African Union.

AU. (2007). Modalities for the Functioning of the Panel of the Wise. Addis Ababa: Peace and Security Council

 

AU. (2008). The CEWS Handbook. Addis Ababa: African Union.

AU. (2008). Meeting the Challenge of Conflict Prevention in Africa: Towards the Operationnalization of the Continental Early Warning System. Leipzig: Leipziger Universitätsverlag.

AU. (2008). Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in the Area of Peace and Security between the AU and the Regional Mechanisms for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution. Addis Ababa.

AU. (2008). Panel of the Wise: A Critical Pillar of the African Peace and Security Architecture. Addis Ababa: African Union.

AU. (2008). Report on the Status of the Establishement of the Continental Peace and Security Architecture In ConflictManagementDivisionofthePeaceandSecurityDepartmentAfricanUnionCommission (Ed.). Addis Ababa.

AU. (2008). The Staffing, Training and Rostering of the Civlian Dimension of the African Standby Force. Kamapala.

AU. (2008). Status of Implementation of Early Warning Systems in the Regional Economic Communities. In C. M. D. o. t. P. a. S. Department (Ed.), Background Papers (Vol. 4).

AU. (2009). Towards Enhancing the Capacity of African Union in Mediation. Durban.

AU. (2010). APSA 2010 Assessment Study: African Union’s Peace and Security Department.

Augé, A. (2006). Les réformes du secteur de la sécurité et de la défense en Afrique sub-saharienne : vers une institutionnalisation de la gouvernance du secteur sécuritaire. Afrique contemporaine, 2(218), 49-67.

Augé, A. (2008). Les soldats de la paix en afrique subsaharienne Guerres mondiales et conflits contemporains, 1(229), 43-53.

Augé, A. (2010). Réformer les armées africaines : en quête d’une nouvelle stratégie. Paris: Karthala.

Awoumou Côme Georges, D. (2007). La mise en oeuvre du mécanisme d'alerte rapide de l'Afrique centrale : Un processus enfin lancé ? . Enjeux, 33, 3-6.

Awwad, E. (1993). Un mécanisme apte à prévenir et régler les conflits en Afrique. Défense nationale(11), 153-166.

Awwad, E. (1994). Le mécanisme de gestion des conflits en Afrique: bilan. Défense nationale(12), 145-156.

Awwad, E. (2003). Nouvelle doctrine et nouveau conseil pour la paix et la sécurité en Afrique. Défense nationale(12), 19-30.

Awwad, E. (2006). Le Conseil de paix et de sécurité de l'UA. In J. Coulon (Ed.), Guide du maintien de la paix 2006 (pp. 157-169). Montréal: Athéna Éditions & CEPES.

Ayodele, B. (2010). Beyond the Rhetoric of Agenda: African Union's Peace and Security Council (PSC) Interventions in the Horn of Africa. Paper presented at the The AU Peace and Security Council: A Five Year Appraisal, Addis Ababa.

Ba, A. Y. (2001). Fléau des conflits et défi sécuritaire en Afrique RJPIC, 55(1), 9-24.

Ba, A. Y. (2006). La contribution de l’Union Africaine au maintien de la paix Revue de droit international et de droit comparé, 83(3), 197-231.

Bagayoko-Penone, N. (2005). Le rôle de la CEDEAO dans la gestion des conflits en Afrique de l'Ouest. In J. Coulon (Ed.), Guide du maintien de la paix 2005 (pp. 125-145). Montréal: Athéna Éditions & CEPES.

Bagayoko-Penone, N. (2007). The EU and the Member states : the African Capabilities Building Programs. Paris: Centre d'analyse stratégique.

Bagayoko-Penone, N. (2008). Formation militaire des armées ouest-africaines et culture du maintien de la paix. International Review of Sociology, 18(1), 127-146.

Baimu, E., & Sturman, K. (2003). Amendment to the African Union's Right to Intervene: A shift from Human to Regime Security? African Security Review, 12(2), 37-45.

Baker, D.-P., & Maeresera, S. (2009). SADCBRIG intervention in SADC member states: Reasons to doubt. African Security Review, 18(1), 106-110.

Bakwesegha, C. (2005). Conflict and peacebuilding in Africa : what role for the African Union and Civil Society ? In D. P. M. Forum (Ed.), Perspectives on the OAU/AU and conflict management in Africa (pp. 163-196). Addis Ababa.

Bakwesegha, C. J. (1995). The Role of the Organisation of African Unity in Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution. International Journal of Refugee Law(Special Issue), 207-219.

Bakwesegha, C. J. (1997). The Role of the Organization of African Unity in Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution in the Context of the Political Evolution of Africa. African Journal on Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution, 1(1), 4-22.

Bangoura, D. (2002). Les Forces Africaines de Paix. Géopolitique africaine(7-8), 101-118.

Bangoura, D. (2006). L'Union Africaine et les acteurs sociaux dans la gestion des crises et des conflits armés (Harmattan ed.). Paris: Harmattan.

Bangoura, D. (2007). L’Union Africaine et la gestion des conflits sur le continent. In P. Chaigneau (Ed.), Enjeux Diplomatiques et Stratégiques (pp. 198-218). Paris: Economica.

Baregu, M. L., & Landsberg, C. (2003). From Cape to Congo: Southern Africa's evolving security challenges. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.

Behabtu, A. (2010). Institutional Challenges to the Operationalisation of the African Union Continental Early Warning System. Paper presented at the The AU Peace and Securoty Council: A Five Year Appraisal, Addis Ababa.

Benavides de la Vega, L. (2007). Actores regionales y sub-regionales en Africa sub-sahariana Avances de investigacion (Vol. 14): Fundacion Carolina.

Bentley, K. A., & Southall, R. (2005). An African Peace Process: Mandela, South Africa and Burundi. Cape Town: HSRC Press.

Bergevin, P. (1997). Les capacités africaines d'entraînement aux opérations de maintien de la paix: The Institute for Security Studies.

Bergevin, P. (2004). Formation des armées africaines au maintien de la paix. Géopolitique africaine.

Bergholm, L. (2008). The UN and the AU: a co-dependent relationship on matters of peace and security. In D. H. Foundation (Ed.), The United Nations, Security and Peacekeeping in Africa. Lessons and Prospects (Vol. 5, pp. 25-40).

Berman, E. (2004). African Regional Organisations' Peacekeeping Experiences and Capabilities. Conflict Trends(2), 27-33.

Berman, E. G., & Sams, K. E. (1998). Constructive Disengagement. Western Efforts to Develop African Peacekeeping. ISS Monograph, 33.

Berman, E. G., & Sams, K. E. (2000). Keeping the Peace in Africa. Disarmament Forum 3, 21-31.

Berman, E. G., & Sams, K. E. (2000). Peacekeeping in Africa: Capabilities and Culpabilities. Geneva: United Nations Publications.

Berman, E. G., & Sams, K. E. (2003). The Peacekeeping Potential of African Regional Organizations. In J. Boulden (Ed.), Dealing with Con?ict in Africa: The United Nations and Regional Organizations (pp. 35–77). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Besada, H. (2010). Crafting an African Security Architecture: Addressing regional Peace and Conflict in the 21st Century. Burlington: Ashgate.

Biyogue-Bi-Ntougou, J. D. (2009). La sécurité des personnes dans le système africain de recherche sécuritaire. Paris: Harmattan.

Biyogue-Bi-Ntougou, J. D. (2010). Les politiques africaines de paix et de sécurité (1 ed.). Paris: Harmattan.

Bogland, D., Egnell, R., & Lgerström, M. (2008). The African Union - A Study Focusing on Conflict Management (pp. 52). Stockholm: FOI.

Bonyongwe, H. M. (2000). Employing African forces in peace operations in Africa. In W. P. Foundation (Ed.), Peacekeeping and peace enforcement in Africa : methods of conflict prevention (pp. 84-97). Washington, D.C.

Boucher, A., & Holt, V. K. (2007). African Perspectives on African Security challenges and modern peace operations. In T. H. L. S. Center (Ed.), The Future of Peace Operations: The Henry L. Stimson Center.

Bougi, A. (2006). L'Union africaine entre les textes et la réalité. Annuaire français des relations internationales, 6, 327-344.

Boulden, J. (2003). Dealing with conflict in Africa : the United Nations and regional organizations (1 ed.). New-York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Brosig, M. (2010). The Emerging Peace and Security Regime in Africa: The Role of the EU. European Foreign Affairs Review, 15(1), 107-122.

Bryden, A. (2011). Gouvernance du secteur de la sécurité en Afrique de l’Ouest : les défis à relever. Genève Centre pour le contrôle démocratique des forces armées (DCAF).

Burton, C., Powell, K., Tieku, T. K., & Akuffo, E. A. (2004). The African Union's Standby Force: Canadian Foreign and Defence Policy Option. Canadian Foreign Policy, 11(1), 47-79.

Buza, B., & Waever, O. (2003). Regions and Powers: The structure of international security era: Cambridge University Press.

Cavero, T. (2007). La Cumbre de Lisboa : una agenda para el desarrollo y la seguridad de África Cooperación Internacional y Desarrollo (Vol. ARI Nº 127/2006): Real Instituto Elcano.

Cawthra, G. (2008). Collaborative Regional Security and Mutual Defence: SADC in Comparative Perspective. Politikon, 35(2), 159-176.

CEDEAO. (1999). Protocole relatif au mécanisme de prévention, de gestion, de réglement des conflits, de maintien de la paix et de la sécurité. In S. exécutif (Ed.). Abuja.

Chin, S., & Morgenstein, J. (2005). No Power to Protect: The African Union Mission in Sudan Refugees International.

Chitima, L. (2010). The Responsibility to Protect or Non-Interference ? A Peace and Security Dilemna for the African Union Peace and Security Council. Paper presented at the The AU Peace and Security Council: A Five Year Appraisal, Addis Ababa.

Chouala, Y. A. (2005). Puissance, résolution des conflits et sécurité collective à l’ère de l’Union africaine. Annuaire français de relations internationales (AFRI), 6, 288-306.

Cilliers, J. (1999). Building Security in Southern Africa: an Update on the Evolving Architecture Monograph Series (Vol. 43). Pretoria: ISS.

Cilliers, J. (2005). Towards a Continental Early Warning System for Africa ISS Paper (Vol. 102, pp. 28). Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.

Cilliers, J. (2005). UN Reform and Funding Peacekeeping in Africa. African Security Review, 14(2), 67-76.

Cilliers, J. (2008). The African Standby Force : An update on progress ISS Paper (Vol. 160, pp. 24). Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.

Cilliers, J. (2010). Hopes and Challenges for the Peace and Security Architecture of the African Union. In H. Besada (Ed.), Crafting an African Security Architecture: Adressing Regional Peace and Conflict in the 21st Century (pp. 37-56). Burlington: Ashgate.

Cilliers, J. (2011). Regional African Peacekeeping Capacity: Mythical Construct or Essential Tool?  Retrieved 24 May from http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/ASR/8No4/Cilliers.html

Cilliers, J., & Malan, M. (2005). Progress with the African Standby Force. ISS Paper 98. Retrieved from http://www.iss.co.za/pubs/papers/98/Paper98.htm

Cilliers, J., & Pottgieter, J. (2010). The African Standby Force. In U. Engel & J. G. Porto (Eds.), Africa's New Peace and Security Architecture: Promoting Norms, Institutionalizing Solutions (pp. 111-142). Burlington: Ashgate.

Cilliers, J., & Struman, K. (2002). The Right Intervention: Enforcement Challenges for the African Union. African Security Review, 11(3), 29-40.

Cilliers, J., & Sturman, K. (2004). Challenges facing the AU's Peace and Security Council. African Security Review, 13(1), 97-104.

Cilliers, T. M. a. J. (2010). El desarrollo y su relación con la paz y la seguridad en África: Observaciones de la asociación UE-África Respuesta europea y africana a los problemas de seguridad en Africa (Vol. 146, pp. 121-147): Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos.

Cleaver, G., & May, R. (1999). African perspectives: regional peacekeeping. In Ashgate (Ed.), Peacekeeping in Africa (pp. 29-48).

Connaughton, R. (1999). The military, peacekeeping and Africa In Ashgate (Ed.), Peacekeeping in Africa (pp. 287-301).

Conteh, M. E. (1998). Conflict and Regional Peacekeeping: ECOMOG Hegemonic Role in Liberia and Sierra Leone. Liberian Studies Journal, 23(2), 78-92.

Cowling, M. (2002). The African Union: An Evaluation. South African Yearbook of International Law(27), 193-205.

Cravinho, J. G. (2009). Regional Organizations in African Security: A Practitioner's View. African Security, 2(2-3), 193-205.

Curtis, D., & Nibigirwe, G. (2010). Complementary Approaches to Peacekeeping? The African Union and United Nations in burundi. In H. Besada (Ed.), Crafting an African Security Architecture: Adressing Regional Peace and Conflict in the 21st Century (pp. 109-128). Burlington: Ashgate.

De Coning, C. (2004). Refining the African Standby Force concept. Conflict trends(2), 20-26.

De Coning, C. (2005). The Civilian Dimension of the African Stand-by Force System. Conflict trends(4), 10-16.

De Coning, C. (2006). The Future of Peacekeeping in Africa. ACCORD Conflict Trends(3), 3-7.

De Coning, C. (2007). Peace Operations in Africa: the Next Decade NUPI Working Paper 721.

De Coning, C. (2010). The Emerging UN/AU Peacekeeping Partnership. Conflict Trends(1), 3-10.

De Coning, C., & Hussein, S. (1994). Enhancing the OAU Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution. Politeia, 19(1), 13-30.

De Coning, C., & Kasumba, Y. (2010). The Civilian Dimension of the African Standby Force: African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD).

De la Rocha Vazquez, M. L., Borja. (2008). Las capacidades de la Union africana en misiones de gestion de crisis  y recomendaciones para Espana (Vol. Memorando Opex Nº 95/2008): Observatorio de Politica Exterior Espanola (OPEX).

Derblom, M., Hagström Frisell, E., & Schmidt, J. (2008). UN-EU-AU Coordination in Peace Operations in Africa (pp. 87). Stockholm: Swedish Defense Research Agency.

Derblom, M., & Hull, C. (2009). Abandoning Frontline Trenches? Capabilities for Peace and Security in the SADC Region (pp. 101). Stockholm: FOI.

Dermott, J. M., & Hanssen, M. (2010). Protections of Civilians: Delivering on the Mandate through Civil-Military Coordination (pp. 95): Swedish Defence Research Agency.

Dersso, S. A. (2009). Developments and Challenges in the Operationalization of the ASF: An Insider's Perspective: ISS/APSTA Seminar Report.

Dersso, S. A. (2010). The African Union's mandating authority and processes for deploying an ASF mission. African Security Review, 19(1), 73-86.

Dersso, S. A. (2010). The role and the place of the African Standby Force within the African Peace and Security Architecture ISS Paper (Vol. 209). Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.

Djiena, W. (1994). A propos du nouveau mécanisme de l'O.U.A sur les conflits. Revue Générale de Droit International Public, 98(2), 377-386.

Dokken, K. (2010). State responses to transnational challenges: The evolution of regional security organisations in Africa. In K. B. Harpviken (Ed.), Troubled Regions and Failing States: The Clustering and Contagion of Armed Conflicts (Vol. 27, pp. 333-354): Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Ebo, A., & Powell, K. (2010). From the Multilateralism of States to the Multilateralism of Peoples: The Roles of the African Union and the United Nations in Supporting Security  Sector Reform. In H. Besada (Ed.), Crafting an African Security Architecture: Adressing Regional Peace and Conflict in the 21st Century (pp. 57-72). Burlington: Ashgate.

Ekengard, A. (2008). The African Union Mission in Sundan (AMIS). Experiences and Lessons Learnt (pp. 59). Stockholm: FOI.

El Abdellaoui, J. (2009). The Panel of the Wise : A comprehensive introduction to a critical pillar of the African Peace and Security Architecture. In I. f. S. Studies (Ed.), ISS Paper (Vol. 193): Institute for Security Studies.

El Abdellaoui, J. (2010). The Peace and Security Council of the African Union: A Framework for Evaluation. Paper presented at the The AU Peace and Security Council: A Five Year Appraisal, Addis Ababa.

Ela Ela, E. (2001). Les mécanismes de prévention des conflits en Afrique centrale. Guerres mondiales et conflits contemporains, 2(202-203), 227-239.

Ela, P. A. (2001). La prévention des conflits en Afrique centrale : prospective pour une culture de la paix. Paris: Kathala.

Engel, U., & Porto, J. G. (2009). The African Union's New Peace and Security Archeture: Toward an Evolving Security Regime? African Security, 2(2-3), 82-96.

Engel, U., & Porto, J. G. (2010). Africa’s New Peace and Security Architecture: Promoting Norms, Institutionalizing Solution.: Ashgate.

Engel, U., & Porto, J. G. (2010). Africa's New Peace and Security Architecture: An Introduction. In U. Engel & J. Gomes Porto (Eds.), Africa's New Peace and Security Architecture: Promoting Norms, Institutionalizing Solutions (pp. 1-12). Burlington: Ashgate.

Eriksson, M. (2010). Supporting Democracy in Africa - African Union's use of Targeted Sanctions to deal with Unconsitutional Changes of Government. In FOI (Ed.). Stockholm.

Ero, C. (1995). ECOWAS and the Subregional Peacekeeping in Liberia. Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, 25, 1-12.

Ero, C. (2000). ECOMOG: a Model for Africa ? In J. Cilliers & A. Hilding-Norberg (Eds.), Building Stability in Africa: Challenges for the New Millenium (Vol. 46, pp. 58-70). London: Institute for Security Studies.

Erskine, E. A. (2000). Peacekeeping Techniques for Africa's Conflict Management. Accra Afram publications.

Esmenjaud, R., & Franke, B. (2009). Qui s'est approprié la gestion de la paix et de la sécurité en Afrique ? . Revue internationale et stratégique, 3(75), 37-46.

Fanta, E. (2009). The Capacity of African Regional Organisations in Peace and Security. Paper presented at the ERD Workshop: Transforming Political Structures: Security, Institutions, and Regional Integration Mechanisms, Florence.

Field, S. (2004). Peace in Africa: Towards a Collaborative Security Regime. Johannesburg: Institute for Global Dialogue.

Fogue Tedom, A. (2008). L'Union Africaine face au défi titanesque de la prévention, du règlement et de gestion des conflits juridis périodique(75), 70-90.

Fopy, S. C. (2006). Le droit d'intervention de l'Union Africaine. DEA en droit communautaire et comparé CEMAC, Université de Dschang, Dschang.  

Francis, D., & Boshoff, H. (2003). The AU Mission in Burundi. Technical and Operational Dimensions. African Security Review, 12(3).

Francis, D. J. (2006). Uniting Africa : Building Regional Peace and Security Systems: Ashgate.

Franke, B. (2006). A Pan-African army: The evolution of an idea and its eventual realisation in the African Standby Force. African Security Review, 15(4), 1-16.

Franke, B. (2007). Competing Regionalisms in Africa and the Continent’s Emerging Security Architecture. African Studies Quarterly, 9(3), 31- 64.

Franke, B. (2007). Enabling a Continent to Help Itself: U.S. Military Capacity Building and Africa’s Emerging Security Architecture. Strategic Insights, 6(1), 1-13.

Franke, B. (2008). Africa's Evolving Security Architecture and the Concept of Multilayered Security Communities. Cooperation and Conflict, 43(313), 313-340.

Franke, B. (2009). Security cooperation in Africa : a reappraisal. Boulder: FirstForumPress.

Franke, B. (2010). Steady but Uneven Progress: The Operationalization of the African Stadby Force. In H. Besada (Ed.), Crafting an African Security Architecture: Adressing Regional Peace and Conflict in the 21st Century (pp. 179-200). Burlington: Ashgate.

Franke, B., & Esmenjaud, R. (2008). Who owns African ownership? The Africanisation of security and its limits. South African Journal of International Affairs, 15(2), 137-158.

Frimpong, D. (2004). The Evolving Africa’s Peacekeeping Capacity: the Military Perspective. Paper presented at the Report from the 34th annual Vienna Peacemaking and Peacekeeping Seminar, Vienna.

Gadin, J. (2010). The evolving role of the military in the peace and security architecture of West Africa. In A. B. B. Chikwanha, Richard (Ed.), Understanding Africa’s contemporary conflicts. Origins, challenges and peace-building (Vol. Monograph 173, pp. 143-159): Institute for Security Studies.

Gambari, I. (1996). The Role of Regional and Global Organizations in Addressing Africa's Security Issues. In E. J. Keller & D. Rothchild (Eds.), Africa in the new international order : rethinking state sovereignty and regional security (pp. 29-36). Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Gänzle, S., & Grimm, S. (2010). The European Union (EU) and the Emerging African Peace and Security Architecture. In H. Besada (Ed.), Crafting an African Security Architecture: Addressing Regional Peace and Conflict in the 21st Century (pp. 73-88). Burlington: Ahsgate.

Gaud, M. (2004). L’Afrique entre décomposition et recompositions. Questions internationales, 5.

GDI. (2010). African Developments: Continental Conflict Management - a glass half full or half empty?

Gnanguenon, A. (2005). La régionalisation africaine ou l’émergence d’un nouveau mode de gestion de conflits. Les Champs de Mars, 17, 75-99.

Gnanguenon, A. (2010). Le rôle des Communautés économiques régionales dans la mise en oeuvre de l’Architecture africaine de paix et de sécurité. Paris: Sous-direction Politique et Prospective de défense.

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